Case: Definition & Types

It determines the grammatical functions of nouns and pronouns as per their relation with the other parts of a sentence.

In the modernized English there are only three classifications of cases;

  • Subjective Case
  • Objective Case
  • Possessive Case

 

Subjective Case (Nominative Case)

When a noun or a pronoun functions as a subject in a sentence, a subjective case appears.

Example:

  • The officer investigated the case thoroughly.
  • I learned guitar during my vacations.

 

Objective Case

When a noun or a pronoun is used purpose of working as an object in a sentence, an objective case appears.

Example:

  • The company’s CEO gave promotions to hardworking
  • Samantha is good at baking cakes.

 

Possessive Case

Possessive case determines a relationship of possessiveness or belongingness between one or more than one noun and a pronoun.

SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE POSSESSIVE
I Me My, Mine
We Us Our, Ours
You You Your, Yours
He Him His
She Her Her, Hers
They Them Their, Theirs
It It Its
Who Whom Whose

 

There is another type of case known as the vocative case which is similar to the subjective case in the matter of spelling. The vocative case determines a subject being referred directly by their name. The referred name is distinguished by a comma.

Example:

  • His pen stopped writing right in the middle of the exam.
  • My new car has a beautiful interior.